A jumbo frame is an Ethernet frame with a Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) larger than the standard 1500 bytes, typically 9000 bytes. Jumbo frames reduce per-frame CPU overhead and improve throughput by packing more data into each transmission. They are common in NAS and iSCSI storage networks.
MSI-X (Message Signaled Interrupts Extended)MSI-X is a PCIe interrupt mechanism defined by PCI-SIG Base Specification. It lets a device write interrupt messages directly to CPU memory without using legacy IRQ wires. MSI-X allocates up to 2048 interrupt vectors per function. Each vector targets a distinct CPU core for balanced packet processing.
PCIe BusPCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) is a high-speed serial bus interface defined by PCI-SIG. It connects network adapters, GPUs, storage devices, and accelerators to a computer processor and memory. Lane width (x1 through x16) and generation (Gen3 through Gen6) determine throughput. Gen5 provides 4 GB/s per lane bidirectional.
PCIe LaneA single full-duplex serial connection in the PCI Express bus. Bandwidth scales linearly with lane count.
RDMARemote Direct Memory Access -- direct server-to-server memory access without CPU involvement, achieving sub-5us latency.
SFP28SFP28 is a 25 Gbps small form-factor pluggable transceiver form factor defined by SFF-8402 and SFF-8432 specifications. It uses the same physical dimensions as SFP+ but doubles the signal rate to 25 Gbps per lane. SFP28 supports 25G Ethernet and breaks out into 100G via four lanes.
SR-IOVSingle Root I/O Virtualization -- one physical NIC, many virtual functions for VMs.
